专接本英语语法：动名词复合结构的用法

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带有逻辑主语的动名词叫做“动名词复合结构”，其形式有如下两种：a)名词所有格/物主代词+动名词，如：



I insist on Mary's going there. 我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。



I had not heard of your being ill. 我没听说你病了。



b)名词通格/人称代词宾格+动名词，如：



Usually at the beginning of school, the noise of desks being opened and closed, and lessons repeated at the top of the children's voices could be heard out in the street. In fact, I think it's very much nicer without him, if you don't mind me saying so.



在确定逻辑主语的格的形式时须注意以下几点：



1） 动名词复合结构作主语时一般用名词所有格或物主代词。例如：



Nixon's visiting China marked a new ear between U.S. and China



diplomatic relations. 尼克松访问中国标志着中美外交关系进入一个新的时代。



2） 在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动名词复合结构中的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。例如：



The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.代夫并不反对我偶尔吃一点肉。



3） 如果逻辑主语是一个短语或有修饰语， 一般用名词通格或人称代词的宾格的形式。例如：



The teacher insisted on the boy who threw the eraser apologizing.



老师支持要那个扔掉刷子的男孩道歉。



I insist on both of them coming in time. 我坚持要他们两人准时来。



Do you remember Mary and her mother coming to see us last year?



4)无生命的事物名词作逻辑主语时一般采用通格形式。例如：



The suggestion of the meeting being put off was not adopted by the chairman.延期召开会议的建议没有被主席采纳。



1)-s 结尾的复数名词作逻辑主语时一般用通格。例如：



The librarian wouldn't like his books being earmarked.图书管理员不喜欢书角被折。



2）集合名词、单复数同形的名词或变化不规则的复数名词作逻辑主语并同动名词一起作宾语时，一般用通格。例如：I



was surprised at the children playing in the street yesterday.



3）不定代词或批示代词作动名词的逻辑主语时，一般不用或很少用所有格形式。例如：He was awaken



by someone knocking on the window.



I object to that being said about me.我反对那样说我。



4）it作逻辑主语时用宾格或所有格均可，但指时间时用宾格。例如：She was worried about



the little bird:she was frightened of it/its building a nest in the



chimney. 她很为小鸟担忧，为它在烟囱中筑巢而感到害怕。



A：Why, it's eleven o'clock already.



B:I'm surprised at it being so late.



2.动名词复合结构的功能



1） 作主语



His/He coming home late worries his other.



John's /John coming here will get us out of trouble.约翰的到来将会使我们脱离困境。



2） 作动词或短语动词的宾语



I don't remember him/his giving me that book. 我记得他给过我那本书。



Do you mind my smoking?我抽烟你介意吗？



I would appreciate back this afternoon.(MET'92,答案是C)



A.you to call B.you call



C.your calling D.you're calling



Her parents insisted on her studying medicine. 她父母坚持要她学医。



Have you heard of my sister's winning the contest? 我妹妹在竞赛中获胜的事你听说了吗？



[在上述例句中，动名词前的逻辑主语与句子主语不同。 如果主语相同，则不用逻辑主语，只用动名词。试比较：



I must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time.(NMET'94)



3） 作介词宾语



I don't like the idea of our living here. 我不愿意我们住在这里。



I knew nothing about the window being open.我一点也不知道窗户敞开着。



He left the city without our knowing it 他离开城市我们大家都不知道。.



4） 作表语



What is most important is Tom's going there at once.



The main trouble is their not having enough money.